Ambient particulate air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with the ratio of type 2 diabetes to obesity

JRS was supported by the 1000 talents program and a Wolfson merit award from the Royal Sociey. MM was supported by a TWAS studentship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Mice that gorged during dietary restriction increased foraging related behaviors and differed in their macronutrient preference when released from restriction

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. Funding This work was funded by the University of Aberdeen. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Acknowledgements We are grateful for the assistance provided by Caitlin Begley, the animal house staff at the University of Aberdeen, Paula Redman and Nick Fewkes.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Type 2 diabetes, but not obesity, prevalence is positively associated with ambient temperature

Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB13030000), the National Science foundation of China (microevolution program NSFC91431102) and the 1000 talents program. We are grateful to members of the Molecular Energetics group in Beijing and the Energetics group in Aberdeen, UK for valuable discussion of the data and analysis. All data analysed in this paper are already available in the public domain.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Low resting metabolic rate is associated with greater lifespan because of a confounding effect of body fatness

Acknowledgments: This work was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) grant BB/C516228/1 to J.R.S. We thank Jackie Duncan and Sarah Johnston for helping with DNA protocol assays and Lobke Vaanholt for helping with antioxidant enzyme protocols. We are grateful to the staff of the animal house for the care of our animals and to Paula Redman and Peter Thomson who provided technical support for the DLW assays. Open Access: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

High fat diet causes rebound weight gain

Acknowledgements This work was funded by a grant from Action Medical Research (SP4581). We are grateful to the animal house staff for looking after the animals.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The '39 steps' : an algorithm for performing statistical analysis of data on energy intake and expenditure

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly cited and all further distributions of the work or adaptation are subject to the same Creative Commons License terms.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

A Role for COX Inhibition in the Prevention of Progression of Barrett’s Esophagus To Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Background: Barrett’s esophagus is the most significant predictor of the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The current treatment recommendation is a proton pump inhibitor to control acid reflux, yet there remains a significant number of individuals who progress to cancer. More can be done to prevent this progression. Purpose: To this end, this paper seeks to answer the following PICO question: P: Patients with Barrett’s esophagus not yet esophageal adenocarcinoma; I: Standard PPI treatment with the addition of Aspirin; C: Standard PPI treatment only; O: Prevention of progression of Barrett’s esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Sage Journals, and Science Direct using the search terms Barrett’s esophagus treatment, Barrett’s esophagus aspirin, esophageal cancer prevention aspirin, cancer prevention aspirin, and prostaglandin cancer. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed, scholarly journals and studies published during or after 2017. Excluded from the search were meta-analyses and reviews. Conclusions: Aspirin shows promise as a possible adjunctive treatment to proton pump inhibitors. A long-term study is needed to specifically assess if adding aspirin will reduce progression to adenocarcinoma while also assessing safety. Several biomarkers and tissue pathologies are already available to risk stratify who could benefit from this add-on treatment

Why lipostatic set point systems are unlikely to evolve

My work on body weight regulation has been generously supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiandao B eGPS project (XDB13030100), the National Science Foundation of China microevolution program (NSFC91431102), the 1000 talents program and a Wolfson merit Professorship from the UK Royal Society.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The evolution of body fatness : trading off disease and predation risk

Funding My work on body weight regulation has been generously supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiandao B eGPS project (XDB13030100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China microevolution program (NSFC91431102), the 1000 talents program and a Wolfson merit Professorship from the UK Royal Society.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Thermal Degradation of Polyacrylates

As an introduction to the degradation of polyacrylates, the degradation reactions of other vinyl polymers are broadly classified and degradation mechanisms occurring in related polymer systems are discussed. Detailed degradation studies of poly(methyl acrylate), poly(t-butyl acrylate) and poly(benzyl acrylate) have already been carried out and the results of these are mentioned. Monomer and polymer sample preparation and experimental apparatus used to degrade the polymers and to analyse the degradation products are described. Five polymers were studied: poly(ethyl acrylate), poly(n-propyl acrylate), poly(iso-propyl acrylate), poly(n-butyl acrylate) and poly(2-ethyl hexyl acrylate). Qualitative studies of the degradation of the polymers were made using the dynamic molecular still. The major products were analysed and found to be alcohol, olefin, carbon dioxide and short chain fragments from the poly(primary acrylates) and olefin and carbon dioxide alone from poly(iso-propyl acrylate). Insolubility was found to develop in all the polymers except poly(2-ethyl hexyl acrylate). Thermal volatilisation analysis and thermogravimetric analysis of the five polymers showed that the thermal stabilities of the poly(primary acrylates) are a little lower than that of poly(methyl acrylate). Poly(iso-propyl acrylate) is less stable than the poly (primary acrylates), but more stable than poly(t-butyl acrylate). A thorough quantitative examination of the degradation products from the poly(primary acrylates) at 31